The
final story offers a window into the everyday reality of millions of
black South Africans during the peak years of the National Party government's
crackdown on escalating resistance to apartheid.
In Guguletu, the same township where Amy Biehl was killed, another violent
incident had taken place seven years earlier. Unlike the uncommon circumstances
of Amy's death, this incident was all too ordinary during apartheid's
most violent years.
In 1986, seven township youths were befriended and encouraged to raid
the local police headquarters by an askari (a captured anti-apartheid
activist who was coerced to work for the Security Police).
Before the raid
could take place, the police ambushed and massacred the entire group
of youths, while a school bus filled with children looked on.
Such tactics were
common at the time, especially when the police needed to show they were
having success maintaining order.
Posthumously known
as the "Guguletu 7," their collective funeral became a galvanizing
event, rallying thousands more to the cause of apartheid's defeat. Through
the TRC process, the long-withheld details of the murders have gradually
been uncovered.
Our story focuses on the mothers of the seven murdered youths, who come
to the TRC to publicly request reparations. The mothers testify about
finding out about their sons' deaths on the evening news, which announced
that seven "terrorists" had been killed by the police.
After their own
cathartic testimony, the mothers watch two policemen who have requested
amnesty for the killings take the stand and admit their roles in the
pre-meditated slaughter. One officer is black, the other white, one
is remorseful and one not. (In an amnesty application the TRC requires
only truthfulness, not remorse).
At the conclusion of the hearings, the black officer, Thapelo Mbelo,
meets directly with the mothers of the murdered youths to apologize
for his actions.
After enduring more than ten years of police denials, the mothers assess
to what extent their need for justice is satisfied by finally hearing
the truth. One mother says, "As long as they are telling the whole truth,
I've got no problem with the amnesty." Others feel that simply admitting
their guilt does not absolve their sons' killers, and they express the
desire for punitive measures.
As they speak out, telling their own truths and evaluating the killers'
testimonies, the mothers move through a process of transformation and
empowerment. Having considered themselves to be victims, the mothers
find a voice and an identity through their participation in the TRC,
emerging with a newfound sense of themselves as full-fledged citizens
in a progressive democracy.
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